Toastmaster Ken concludes his article about the origins of The modern English Toastmaster

The normal or traditional toasts are:
The Loyal Toast
The Loyal Toast is usually given by the chairperson or president. It is customary for all to stand, except at Royal Navy functions and certain Regimental occasions, where convention dictates otherwise.
Formal Toast
The Formal Toast or a toast which is proposed, but to which no reply is expected or required is usually proposed by the Chairman or President or by the incoming President or a senior representative etc.

Ladies:
Usually proposed by the President, and would normally be formally replied to by a lady nominated to do so in advance.

Burns Night:
A toast is usually proposed to Robbie Burns, and also to the Haggis. This would be carried out with due ceremony.

Weddings:
The first toast is proposed by the Father of the Bride to; The Bride & Groom. The second toast is proposed by the Groom to; The Bridesmaids.
On some occasions the Best man will propose a second toast to the Bride & Groom, or a toast to; The Parents of the Bride & Groom.

Should any guests of note be absent from an event, then a toast to Absent Friends is appropriate. Often the name of persons of note is coupled with the toast. Other special guests in attendance are usually acknowledged at the introduction of the speech such as the Mayor or Bishop.

Having someone with responsibility for these elements of the reception will ensure that the event runs smoothly, eliminating pauses where the bridal party and guests aren’t sure what’s happening or what to do next.
Etiquette and protocol
The proposing of formal toasts should be considered as a particular and special honour or reward. In most cases, apart from State occasions, Civic receptions, and Wedding receptions, there is usually certain local customs and traditions that need to be maintained.
With many toasts, the recipient is expected to formally reply with a speech which could vary in length depending upon the purpose of the toast and the occasion.  If a formal reply is expected, the recipient should be briefed in advance of the occasion. It is however, customary for quests to stand when giving the toast, with the exception of the recipient who will remain seated.
This custom is waived at Royal Navy dinners on board ship and is observed today at Royal Navel dinners when the Toast to the Immortal Memory of Admiral Lord Nelson is proposed at traditional Trafalgar Night dinners usually held in October each year.
There are a number of general and conventional toasts which need to be included at any formal gathering or meal. Toasts are usually made at the end of a meal, with the exception of State events, where they can be made before the meal commences.

To be continued